{"id":4012,"date":"2011-03-11T21:57:52","date_gmt":"2011-03-11T19:57:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/?page_id=4012"},"modified":"2011-03-11T22:07:23","modified_gmt":"2011-03-11T20:07:23","slug":"postne-obdobie","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/?page_id=4012","title":{"rendered":"P\u00f4stne obdobie"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00edpravn\u00fdm obdob\u00edm pred Ve\u013ekou nocou je <strong>\u0161tyridsa\u0165d\u0148ov\u00fd p\u00f4st<\/strong>. Je formou pok\u00e1nia nielen v kres\u0165anstve, ale aj v in\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>V R\u00edmskokatol\u00edckej cirkvi<\/strong><\/span> sa p\u00f4stna pr\u00edprava na Ve\u013ek\u00fa noc za\u010d\u00edna tzv. <strong><em>Popolcovou stredou<\/em><\/strong>. Je to streda v siedmom t\u00fd\u017edni pred Ve\u013ekou nocou. Tento rok pripad\u00e1 na 9. marca. V tento de\u0148, ktor\u00fd je d\u0148om pr\u00edsneho p\u00f4stu a zdr\u017eiavania sa m\u00e4sit\u00e9ho pokrmu, k\u0148az alebo diakon rob\u00ed popolom znak kr\u00ed\u017ea na \u010del\u00e1ch veriacich so slovami: <em>\u201ePam\u00e4taj, \u017ee prach si a na prach sa obr\u00e1ti\u0161\u201c<\/em>, alebo \u201e<em>Kajajte sa a verte v evanjelium!\u201c<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Obrad sypania popola na hlavu<\/strong><\/em> v prv\u00fd p\u00f4stny de\u0148 sa praktizoval u\u017e od 8. storo\u010dia. P\u00f4vodne to bol obrad vyhraden\u00fd len pre ve\u013ek\u00fdch a verejn\u00fdch hrie\u0161nikov, ktor\u00ed v tento de\u0148 za\u010d\u00ednali svoju cestu pok\u00e1nia. Vstupovali do chr\u00e1mu bos\u00ed, zaodet\u00ed vrecovinou a sypali si na hlavu popol. Nesk\u00f4r podobn\u00fdm sp\u00f4sobom za\u010d\u00ednali svoje pok\u00e1nie nielen verejn\u00ed kaj\u00facnici, ale aj ostatn\u00ed veriaci a sypanie popola na hlavu sa stalo v\u0161eobecn\u00fdm symbolom rozhodnutia nast\u00fapi\u0165 na cestu pok\u00e1nia. V 10. a 11. storo\u010d\u00ed bol u\u017e tento obrad udom\u00e1cnen\u00fd v mnoh\u00fdch oblastiach z\u00e1padnej Eur\u00f3py. Koncil v Benevente v roku 1091 ho zaviedol pre cel\u00fa Cirkev, pri\u010dom sypanie popola na hlavu sa nahradilo zna\u010den\u00edm na \u010delo.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Gr\u00e9ckokatol\u00edci (byzantsk\u00e9ho obradu)<\/strong><\/span>, ktor\u00ed sa pridr\u017eiavaj\u00fa gregori\u00e1nskeho kalend\u00e1ra, za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa Ve\u013ek\u00fd \u0161tyridsa\u0165d\u0148ov\u00fd p\u00f4st o dva dni sk\u00f4r ako r\u00edmskokatol\u00edci (latinsk\u00e9ho obradu). <strong><em>Sv\u00e4t\u00e1 \u0161tyridsiatnica<\/em><\/strong> sa za\u010d\u00edna u\u017e v pondelok a trv\u00e1 do piatku pred Laz\u00e1rovou sobotou. Do \u0161tyridsiatich dn\u00ed p\u00f4stu po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa gr\u00e9ckokatol\u00edci aj soboty a nedele (zatia\u013e \u010do r\u00edmskokatol\u00edci nedele nepo\u010d\u00edtaj\u00fa).<\/p>\n<p>P\u00f4st je obdob\u00edm, ke\u010f sa m\u00e1 veriaci usilova\u0165 o obr\u00e1tenie, zmenu zm\u00fd\u0161\u013eania, m\u00e1 rozj\u00edma\u0165 nad svoj\u00edm \u017eivotom, plaka\u0165 nad svojimi hriechmi. Na rozj\u00edmanie a spr\u00edtomnenie Kristovho sp\u00e1sonosn\u00e9ho utrpenia je vyhraden\u00fd a\u017e <strong><em>Ve\u013ek\u00fd t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148<\/em><\/strong>. Tieto skuto\u010dnosti sa odr\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa aj v bohoslu\u017eobnom \u017eivote byzantskej cirkvi &#8211; v stredy a piatky sa sl\u00fa\u017ei liturgia vopred posv\u00e4ten\u00fdch darov. Pri nej sa veriacim rozde\u013euj\u00fa vopred posv\u00e4ten\u00e9 eucharistick\u00e9 dary; bohoslu\u017eba nem\u00e1 anaforu (eucharistick\u00fd k\u00e1non) ani premenenie sv\u00e4t\u00fdch darov. Je to bohoslu\u017eba s najsilnej\u0161ie vyjadrenou eucharistickou \u00factou v byzantskom obrade. Z\u00e1rove\u0148, na rozdiel od liturgie sv. J\u00e1na Zlato\u00fasteho \u010di sv. Bazila Ve\u013ek\u00e9ho, obsahuje mnoho kaj\u00facich prvkov &#8211; najm\u00e4 hlbok\u00fdch pokl\u00f4n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Z hist\u00f3rie:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V U\u010den\u00ed Dvan\u00e1stich apo\u0161tolov (Didascalia apostolorum) zo za\u010diatku 3. storo\u010dia sa odpor\u00fa\u010da 1-2-d\u0148ov\u00fd p\u00f4st (alebo 40-hodinov\u00fd p\u00f4st) pred krstom a 2-3-d\u0148ov\u00fd p\u00f4st pred Ve\u013ekou nocou. Z tohto kr\u00e1tkeho p\u00f4stu sa postupne vyvinul 40-d\u0148ov\u00fd p\u00f4st, ktor\u00fd odpor\u00fa\u010da veriacim u\u017e na za\u010diatku 4. storo\u010dia sv. Atan\u00e1z (296-373), biskup z Alexandrie i sv. Cyril Jeruzalemsk\u00fd (315-386). \u010c\u00edslo 40 malo posv\u00e4tn\u00fd v\u00fdznam: Je\u017ei\u0161 Kristus sa postil 40 dn\u00ed pred svoj\u00edm verejn\u00fdm vyst\u00fapen\u00edm (Mk 1,12; Mt 4, 1-11), 40 dn\u00ed pokr\u00fdvala voda zem po\u010das potopy sveta, 40 dn\u00ed sa postil Moj\u017ei\u0161 na vrchu Sinaj, 40 dn\u00ed putoval prorok Eli\u00e1\u0161 k jaskyni na vrchu Horeb, kam k nemu pri\u0161iel Boh a podobne.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00f4vodn\u00e9 p\u00f4stne pravidl\u00e1 boli ve\u013emi pr\u00edsne: dovo\u013eovali po\u017e\u00edvanie jedla len jedenkr\u00e1t denne. Okrem toho boli spr\u00edsnen\u00e9 aj abstinenciou, t.j. \u00fapln\u00fdm zdr\u017eiavan\u00edm sa po\u017e\u00edvania niektor\u00fdch pokrmov ako m\u00e4so, ryby, mlieko a mlie\u010dne v\u00fdrobky (maslo, syry). Teraj\u0161ie predpisy t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa p\u00f4stu a postenia sa boli zaveden\u00e9 v roku 1966 apo\u0161tolskou kon\u0161tit\u00faciou Poenitemini.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00f4stne obdobie trv\u00e1 v R\u00edmskokatol\u00edckej cirkvi <em><strong>od Popolcovej stredy do Ve\u013ekono\u010dnej nedele<\/strong><\/em>. Zah\u0155\u0148a \u0161es\u0165 p\u00f4stnych nedie\u013e. Prv\u00e1 p\u00f4stna nede\u013ea (tohto roku 13. marca) sa e\u0161te doned\u00e1vna naz\u00fdvala Quadragesima (gr\u00e9cky tesserakostes, t.j. 40 dn\u00ed pred Ve\u013ekou nocou).<\/p>\n<p>Za\u010diatkom 5. storo\u010dia sv. Maximus, tur\u00ednsky biskup, zaviedol trojt\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov\u00fa predp\u00f4stnu pr\u00edpravu. Tri nedele pred p\u00f4stom sa volali: Septuagesima (70. de\u0148 pred Ve\u013ekou nocou &#8211; t\u00e1to nede\u013ea bola u n\u00e1s zn\u00e1ma pod menom \u201eDeviatnik\u201c), Sexagesima (60. de\u0148) a Quinquagesima (50. de\u0148). Spolu so 40-d\u0148ov\u00fdm p\u00f4stom tvorili 70-d\u0148ov\u00fa pr\u00edpravu, symbolizuj\u00facu 70 rokov babylonsk\u00e9ho zajatia. P\u00e1pe\u017e Gregor I. Ve\u013ek\u00fd (590-604) vytvoril pre tieto dni osobitn\u00e9 prosebn\u00e9 modlitby. P\u00e1pe\u017e Alexander III. (1159-1181) nariadil, aby sa spev \u201eAlleluja\u201c \u2013 podobne ako v 40-d\u0148ovom p\u00f4stnom obdob\u00ed \u2013 nahradili invok\u00e1ciou Laus tibi Domine, Rex aeternae gloriae (Chv\u00e1la Ti Kriste, Kr\u00e1\u013e ve\u010dnej sl\u00e1vy). V roku 1969 boli tieto liturgick\u00e9 zvl\u00e1\u0161tnosti zru\u0161en\u00e9 a v\u0161etky tri nedele boli preraden\u00e9 do cyklu nedie\u013e \u201ecez rok\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Zdroj: Arch\u00edv TK KBS<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pr\u00edpravn\u00fdm obdob\u00edm pred Ve\u013ekou nocou je \u0161tyridsa\u0165d\u0148ov\u00fd p\u00f4st. Je formou pok\u00e1nia nielen v kres\u0165anstve, ale aj v in\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00e1ch. V R\u00edmskokatol\u00edckej cirkvi sa p\u00f4stna pr\u00edprava na Ve\u013ek\u00fa noc za\u010d\u00edna tzv. Popolcovou stredou. Je to streda v siedmom t\u00fd\u017edni pred Ve\u013ekou nocou. Tento rok pripad\u00e1 na 9. marca. V tento de\u0148, ktor\u00fd je d\u0148om pr\u00edsneho p\u00f4stu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":13,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4012","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4012","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4012"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4012\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4018,"href":"https:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4012\/revisions\/4018"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.farnost-strazske.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4012"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}